Foreign trade flows, free trade agreements, customs practice and the practical mechanics of entering the Ukrainian market.
Negotiations opened in 2007 and the agreement took until 2022 to sign. The delay is instructive: it was not about tariffs on the bulk of trade…
A customer buying industrial equipment is not buying a machine. They are buying fifteen years of that machine working, and everything that determines whether it does.
Companies from the Baltic states and the Nordic countries approach this market with a set of assumptions quite unlike those brought by western European entrants, and…
The public procurement system is open to any registered supplier, including a foreign one. Most losing bids lose on a technicality rather than on price.
The questions a company should answer before committing to Ukraine, in the order that actually matters rather than the order they usually get asked.
One of the least discussed trade mechanisms decides where a manufacturer buys its inputs. Understanding it is worth more than reading a tariff schedule.
Countries are not evaluated on their merits and then ranked. They enter consideration through specific channels, and a country that does not travel through one of…
Four ways to sell into a market, with different costs, different control and very different legal consequences. Choosing wrongly is expensive and common.
Everyone reads the tariff rate. Fewer read the origin rule, and the origin rule is what decides whether you get the tariff rate at all. It…
Ukraine has a legal framework for industrial parks, a register of them, and tax and customs benefits attached. It also has a large gap between the…
Doing Business rankings, competitiveness indices, risk ratings and bank research all describe the same country and disagree substantially. Understanding what each one measures explains why, and…
In an underdeveloped category the constraint is not competitors taking your share, it is that almost nobody is buying the product at all. Firms that recognise…
The primary sources this archive rests on. All of them official bodies or institutional data providers.
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